Problem -

A long pipe (OD = 141.3 mm, ID =131.8 mm, k_p = 20 W/m.K) supplies hot pressurized liquid water at 400 K to a heater in a factory. The pipe has an insulation thickness of 100 mm. A new efficient heater replaces the old one. The new heater requires hot pressurized liquid water supply at 550 K through the same insulated pipe. The operator noticed a considerable decrease of the new heater load than the specified. He thought that there is an excessive heat loss due to melting of insulation layer. Investigate and solve the problem based on your gained principles of engineering, science and mathematics. Keep the insulation thickness fixed and ignore radiation loss from the outer surface.

Do the following -

1. Problem definition -

a) Define the problem using relevant information.

b) Recognize missing information, and

c) Estimate missing data correctly using sound principles of engineering, physics, and math.

2. Problem formulation -

Develop a correct model using rigorous knowledge with no conceptual or procedural errors.

3. Problem solving -

a) Demonstrate creative synthesis by combining knowledge and information.

b) Obtain meaningful solution(s), and

c) Reflect upon results.

Note - Word count: (Report : 400 + Calc : 500 ) = 900 words.